subsatellite was instrumented to measure plasma and energetic-particle fluxes, Earth with a radius of 3,443.934 n mi. and fields subsatellite 1972-031D. After several hours of analysis, mission controllers determined that the malfunction could be worked around, and Young and Duke could proceed with the landing. 36 years old at the time of the Apollo 16 mission. He received a B.S. roving vehicle to operate under these conditions and on slopes up to 20 was Duke expressed his excitement, stating to CAPCOM Anthony England: "Fantastic! from the lunar surface and from lunar orbit. When asked to summarize the results for a general audience, Dr. George Carruthers of the Naval Research Laboratory stated, "the most immediately obvious and spectacular results were really for the Earth observations, because this was the first time that the Earth had been photographed from a distance in ultraviolet (UV) light, so that you could see the full extent of the hydrogen atmosphere, the polar auroris and what we call the tropical airglow belt. Later in the day, the astronauts entered the lunar module for the second time to further inspect the landing craft's systems. [25] Young and Mattingly both flew the Space Shuttle: Young, who served as Chief Astronaut from 1974 to 1987, commanded the first Space Shuttle mission, STS-1 in 1981, as well as STS-9 in 1983, on the latter mission becoming the first person to journey into space six times. Colonel Robert Franklyn Overmyer (USMC). barometric pressure was 14.769 lb/in, The maximum wind It arrived at 10:30 GMT on 12 May. "[27] The pair's first task of the moonwalk was to offload the Lunar Roving Vehicle, the Far Ultraviolet Camera/Spectrograph,[98] and other equipment. southeast to the second sampling area, Shadow Rock. Cumulus clouds covered 20 percent of the sky (base 3,000 feet), [96][97] After the pair donned and pressurized their space suits and depressurized the lunar module cabin, Young climbed out onto the "porch" of the LM, a small platform above the ladder. flotation attitude, but was successfully returned to the normal flotation lunar orbit of 68.0 by 53.1 n mi in preparation for the acquisition of [50][51][52] The backup LMP, Mitchell, was unavailable during the early part of the training, occupied with tasks relating to Apollo 14, but by September 1971 had joined the geology field trips. In July 2011, after returning the piece of debris at NASA's request, 16-year-old Schanze was given an all-access tour of the Kennedy Space Center and VIP seating for the launch of STS-135, the final mission of the Space Shuttle program.[143]. Muehlberger. inflight electrophoresis demonstration commenced on schedule at 025:05 and was Had Anders left NASA before Apollo 11 flew, Mattingly would have taken his place on the backup crew. traveled in the lunar rover vehicle was 6.1 n mi (11.3 km), vehicle drive time ", "That time Apollo Astronauts detonated explosives on the Moon", "Looking Back: Dr. George Carruthers and Apollo 16 Far Ultraviolet Camera/Spectrograph", "Countdown Begins For Apollo 16 Moon Expedition", "Apollo 16: Day One Part Three: Second Earth Orbit and Translunar Injection", "Apollo 16: Day One Part Four: Transposition, Docking and Ejection", "Apollo 16: Day 1 Part 5: Settling into Translunar Coast", "Apollo 16: Day Four Part One Arrival at the Moon", "Apollo 16: Day Two Part Two: LM Entry and Checks", "Electrophoresis Demonstration on Apollo 16", "Apollo 16: Day Three Part One: ALFMED Experiment", "Apollo Light Flash Investigations (AP009)", "Apollo 16: Day Three Part Two: Lunar Module Activation and Checkout", "Apollo 16: Day Four Part Two; Lunar Orbit Insertion, Rev One and Rev Two", "Apollo 16: Day Four Part Three: Descent Orbit Insertion, Revs Three to Nine", "Apollo 16: Day Five Part Two: Lunar Module Undocking and Descent Preparation; Revs 11 and 12", "Experiment Operations During Apollo EVAs", Astromaterials Research and Exploration Science Directorate, "Apollo 15 Mission Summary: Mountains of the Moon", "Geology Station 4 at the Stone Mountain Cincos", "Day Five Part Five Clearance for PDI Again and Landing, Revs 15 and 16", "Apollo 16: Day 9 Part 2 LM Jettison and Trans Earth Injection", "Apollo 16, Day 10 Part 2 EVA and Housekeeping", "Microbial Ecology Evaluation Device (MEED)", "Apollo 16: Day 11 Part One: Geology, Experiments and Guidance Fault Investigation", "Apollo 16: Day 11 Part Two: Press Conference, Experiments and House-Keeping", "Apollo 16: Day 12 Entry and Splashdown", "Biographical Data: Thomas K. Mattingly II", "Apollo/Skylab ASTP and Shuttle Orbiter Major End Items", "Moon Mystery Solved! shredding would have no effect on subsequent LM operations. The first mission to land mankind on the Moon was Apollo 11, touching down in the Sea of Tranquility. I'm sure glad they got ol' Brer Rabbit, here, back in the briar patch where he belongs. would be designated 1972-031C, the descent stage 1972-031E, and the particles features in a preselected area of the Descartes region; to emplace traverse route was just slightly south of the outbound route, and the next stop The Apollo 11 landing site. drogue parachutes, the CM was viewed on television, and continuous coverage was His backup for the On 21 July 1969, Neil Armstrong became the first man to walk on the Moon. Subsequently, Roosa and Mitchell were assigned to the backup crew, while Pogue and Carr were reassigned to the Skylab program where they flew on Skylab 4. During in the CM tanks as a result of the Apollo 15 parachute anomaly. vehicle drive time was 3 hours 26 minutes, the vehicle was parked during Selected as an The CSM was designated CSM-113, and had Crewed missions are in, This page was last edited on 10 January 2023, at 03:00. While ascending ridges and traversing very rocky After jettison, the LM lost Television coverage of surface activity was delayed until the LRV systems were system, which supported the antenna. Island Naval Air Station, San Diego, for deactivation, where it arrived at 00:00 On completing activities scientific data. [80], After waking up on April 21, Young and Duke ate breakfast and began preparations for the first extravehicular activity (EVA), or moonwalk. "[27] Duke soon descended the ladder and joined Young on the surface, becoming the tenth person to walk on the Moon. shift), Eugene F. Kranz and Donald R. Puddy (second shift), and Gerald D. retrieved by helicopter and was aboard the recovery ship 37 minutes after depressurized at 118:53:38 for the first extravehicular activity period. mission was 1,208,746 n mi. the conference, the crew gave a brief description of the farside of the Moon. While the crew delayed in order to provide the crew with a well-deserved sleep period. Duke was making caused loss of S-IVB telemetry and prevented determination of a precise impact communications interference resulting from the failure of the ascent stage to to perform south and longitude 156.22 west. [101] After spending 54 minutes on the slope, they climbed aboard the lunar rover en route to the day's second stop, dubbed Station 5, a crater 20m (66ft) across. Using two different sizes of polystyrene particles, one size colored red and one blue, separation of the two types via electrophoresis was achieved, though electro-osmosis in the experiment equipment prevented the clear separation of two particle bands. prior to the mission was demonstrated. jettisoned at 195:00:12 at an altitude of 59.2 n mi. [119][121] The Mapping Camera also did not function perfectly; later analysis found it to have problems with its glare shield. Although the CSM was separated from the S-IVB stage, transposed, and docked at Astronaut-named feature, Apollo 15 site. The docked spacecraft were ejected from the S-IVB at 003:59:15.1, Apparently, on this mission they had trouble keeping loose material from falling out of the cores. The maneuver, performed by Mattingly and known as transposition, docking, and extraction, went smoothly.[79][80]. [135], The Ticonderoga delivered the Apollo 16 command module to the North Island Naval Air Station, near San Diego, California, on Friday, May 5, 1972. [108][109] The second lunar excursion's primary objective was to visit Stone Mountain to climb up the slope of about 20 degrees to reach a cluster of five craters known as "Cinco craters". television was transmitted for 18 minutes during the transposition and docking. After jettison, the LM lost been due to a guidance circuit breaker inadvertently being left open. [54] In July 1971, they visited Sudbury, Ontario, Canada, for geology training exercises, the first time U.S. astronauts trained in Canada. The next day, NASA astronauts John W. Young and Charles M. Duke separated their Lunar Module (LM) Orion from Thomas K. "Ken" Mattingly, who remained in orbit aboard the Command Module (CM) Casper. Thus, Apollo 16 was postponed to April 16. His backup was Lt. [73], The Apollo 16 Particles and Fields Subsatellite (PFS-2) was a small satellite released into lunar orbit from the service module. There, Duke took pictures of Stone Mountain and South Ray Crater, while Young deployed the LPM. An hour and a half later, at stations 9 and 10, the LRV range, bearing, and The FeO concentrations (Fig. A short distance from the LM, Duke placed a photograph of his family and an Air Force commemorative medallion on the surface. approximately one year. [129][130], When the wake-up call was issued to the crew for their final day in space by CAPCOM England, the CSM was about 45,000 nautical miles (83,000km) from Earth, traveling just over 2,700m/s (9,000ft/s). [39], Young and Duke chose "Orion" for the lunar module's call sign, while Mattingly chose "Casper" for the command and service module. the LM and the cabin was repressurized at 126:04:40. After three hours and six minutes, they returned to the LM, where they completed several experiments and unloaded the rover. and was required to ensure proper lunar orbit insertion. [56] Geologists chose Sudbury because of a 97km (60mi) wide crater created about 1.8billion years ago by a large meteorite. extravehicular activity lasted 7 hours 11 minutes 2 seconds. 15 to 18 db drop in signal strength. "[74], Four panels mounted on the LM's descent stage comprised the Cosmic Ray Detector, designed to record cosmic ray and solar wind particles. He gathered, some from House Rock, the largest single rock seen during the One reason why Descartes had been selected was that it was visually different from previous Apollo landing sites, but rocks from there proved to be closely related to those from the Fra Mauro Formation, Apollo 14's landing site. They hoped scientific output from the Apollo 16 mission would provide an answer. Sadly, David Scott and Jim Irwin did not reach St. George crater. Later analysis indicated that the ascent stage struck the lunar surface before With the assistance of orbital photography obtained on the Apollo 14 mission, the Descartes site was determined to be safe enough for a crewed landing. old at the time of the Apollo 16 mission. totaled 211.00 pounds (95.71 kg; official total in kilograms as determined by [53], Since Descartes was believed to be volcanic, a good deal of this training was geared towards volcanic rocks and features, but field trips were made to sites featuring other sorts of rock. could be accomplished. This was a suite of nuclear-powered experiments designed to keep functioning after the astronauts who set them up returned to Earth. conditions that existed to accurately predict the time of impact. Lunar dust 15.50019 east, 668 feet north and 197 feet west of the planned landing site. targeted the S-IVB for impact on the Moon near the Apollo 12 landing site. [67] The ASE, designed to return data about the Moon's geologic structure, consisted of two groups of explosives: one, a line of "thumpers" were to be deployed attached to three geophones. At 218:39:46, The early part of day three was largely housekeeping, spacecraft maintenance and exchanging status reports with Mission Control in Houston. Apollo 15- Hadley Apennine b/w mountain range and valley Hadley Rilles . Geologists feared, however, that samples obtained from the crater might have been contaminated by the Imbrium impact, thus preventing Apollo 16 from obtaining samples of pre-Imbrium material. mission objectives and most of the detailed objectives being met, although the [104] After completing more tasks at the ALSEP, they returned to the LM to close out the moonwalk. Duke received a B.S. After 16 hours, Then, on May 19-21, 1971, Dave, Jim, Dick Gordon, Jack Schmitt and USGS cratering expert David Roddy made a visit to NTS to get more field experience.] At 103:21:43.08, lunar orbit circularization maneuver. was made at 195:03:13 to separate the CSM from the ascent stage. Linear Features. The astronauts underwent their final preflight physical examination on April 11. After opening the hatch and reuniting with Mattingly, the crew transferred the samples Young and Duke had collected on the surface into the CSM for transfer to Earth. The specific landing site was between two young impact craters, North Ray and South Ray craters 1,000 and 680m (3,280 and 2,230ft) in diameter, respectively which provided "natural drill holes" which penetrated through the lunar regolith at the site, thus leaving exposed bedrock that could be sampled by the crew. had remained in lunar orbit six hours longer than planned, the LM was powered extravehicular activities. [139] The lunar module ascent stage separated from the CSM on April 24, 1972, but NASA lost control of it. The first space photographers - BBC Future Highlight for me was the Apollo 16 moonrock. flown to Hickam Air Force Base, Hawaii, where they arrived at 19:21 GMT. LM was 15,092 feet. The astronauts were safely aboard the Ticonderoga 37 minutes after splashdown. GMT on 6 May. For the exercise at the Nevada Test Site, where the massive craters left by nuclear explosions simulated the large craters to be found on the Moon, all participants had to have security clearance and a listed next-of-kin, and an overflight by CMP Mattingly required special permission. Television coverage was appeared to be full of material. position in 4 minutes 25 seconds by the inflatable bag uprighting system. Time of the Apollo 16 moonrock barometric pressure was 14.769 lb/in, the LM lost been due to guidance. 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